Native Alaskan hawkweeds lack stolons, have branched stems with many leaves, and generally are found in high-elevation meadows. Mimi Corneliussen Botany, Flowers, Southcentral Alaska, Weeds Hunting the Hawk(weed), invasive species, Orange Hawkweed, weeds in Alaska. Origin and Spread. Animals, including wildlife may spread hawkweed when they travel through infested areas.Orange hawkweed also spreads as a contaminant of vehicles, machinery, hay and straw, and gravel and soil, and is often found on roadsides. 2003, Rinella and Sheley 2002). Mouseear hawkweed (H. Pilosella) has a basal rosette and forms only 1 yellow flowerhead per stem. Orange hawkweed can move by roots and runners across a meadow until it completely excludes all other vegetation. Orange hawkweed flower (Creative Commons photo by Michael Shephard/USDA Forest Service). Orange and meadow hawkweed eliminate other vegetation by forming dense, monospecific stands (Callihan and Miller 1999, Prather et al. It is distinguished from other hawkweeds because it does not form a basal rosette and has prominent leaves on the entire stem. Orange hawkweed is the only orange colored hawkweed in Alaska. The Alaska Invasive Species Workshop will take place virtually Oct. 27-29. Shown here is a remote infestation of orange hawkweed near Karluk lake on the Kodiak archipelago. c. Similar species and native look-a-likes. Reducing forage quantity and quality for farmers, aggressively out competing native vegetation, and forming monocultures in the process, orange hawkweed is a plant you want to get on top of before it is too late. ... Specimen at University of Alaska Museum, Fairbanks, Alaska. For more information on controlling orange hawkweed see our publication “Control of orange hawkweed’. Solution: The ability for orange hawkweed to “hide” under native vegetation made it all the more evident to Kodiak officials that continued vigilance and monitoring were keys to controlling the weed. Orange hawkweed is the only orange colored hawkweed and orange colored sunflower family plant in Alaska. Skalinska, M. 1967. Stems are erect, solitary, and up to 91 cm tall. Orange hawkweed produces many seeds that include a pappus that aids in seed dispersal. Digging up plants also increases the chances that you will spread a fragment on tools or machinery. d. Introduction to North America and Alaska. Orange hawkweed was introduced to Alaska as an ornamental species by gardeners that were unaware of its aggressive behavior. It prefers full sun or partial shade and well-drained, sandy soils. Hawkweed has proven time and time again in Alaska, that if it … State noxious weed lists for 46 states. They are 0.75-1 in. • Mouse-ear hawkweed is easily identified by its solitary yellow flower. • Both native and non-native species of hawkweed exist in Alaska. If you think you have orange hawkweed on your property you can use the “Alaska Weeds ID’ app to get identification help, and sending a report will get you in touch with an expert with the Cooperative Extension Service or a colleague that can provide you with advice on controlling it. Orange hawkweed is a Prohibited Noxious Weed in Alaska. Purple loosestrife is a threat to wetlands and waterfowl. Hawkweed grows in a variety of habitats including meadows, roadsides, waste areas, lawns, pastures, and hay fields. In 2002, the plant was first observed on Camp Island in Karluk Orange hawkweed is able to reproduce by seed with or without sexual reproduction. Orange hawkweed is native to Europe. Many, up to 30, flower heads each about a ½ inch wide form at the top of the stem. Later applications will show results, but are less effective in the long term. Control of orange hawkweed is not simple or straightforward. Summary . Herbicide management of orange hawkweed is ideally done early in the season after it starts to grow, but before it is flowering. Seeds are purplish black, oblong and about 1/8th an inch long with a pappus to aid in dispersal by wind. Flowers are made of ray florets that are red near the edges and orange in the center. Orange hawkweed is not just a problem in Alaska and the USA. If you see orange hawkweed on public land use our mobile application “Alaska Weeds ID’ to report the location. This plant is forming near-monotypic stands, reducing plant diversity, and decreasing pasture productivity. • Mouse-ear hawkweed has a solitary yellow flower. A presentation at the Alaska Invasive Species Workshop will address how to eradicate the weed. Finally, orange hawkweed is allelopathic, meaning it produces chemicals that work like herbicides stressing plants to the point that the competition for space is won by orange hawkweed. Effects of this taxon are likely restricted to low herbaceous species (M. Carlson). Alaska NRCS Invasive and Noxious Weed List, Alphabetically by Common Name (2/2007) Hawkbit, Autumn Dandelion Leontodon autumnalis L Horsenettle *Solanum carolinense Japanese Knotweed Polygonum cuspidatum Leafy Spurge *Euphorbia esula Lettuce, Blue-flowering *Lactuca pulchella Marsh Forget-Me-Not Myosotis scorpioides L. Meadow Hawkweed Hieracium caespitosum Mouse-ear Hawkweed … It’s on the ‘Alert List for Environmental Weeds’, in Australia; a list of 28 “nonnative plants that threaten biodiversity and cause other environmental damage”, especially in alpine areas and the temperate tablelands in eastern Australia. Learn more about UA’s notice of nondiscrimination. All other hawkweed species have yellow flowers. The “prohibited” status means that it cannot be sold as seed or plant, or be included as a contaminant of anything  that could be used for planting. 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