Sources Styrene is slightly soluble in water, soluble in ethanol and very soluble in benzene and petroleum ether. ᱑�IX/:�I#�x�m�׊��,ש��M>a���djDV����i�HP^�������aX��q�����`�:C U a�b�9�Ժ�����P�ӌ� ԵR�W~�(��l��n0�B>�X�{&�Q����˒ny�2[ms����2����1E��I'�Ԭ��\���ٟR������^�����V�R�nGH��C`�z矼�qf��. 3133. Styrene [‘stī-,rēn] is a clear, colorless liquid that is synthesized for commercial use from petroleum and natural gas by-products. 1968 Styrene 6 Human 1 or 2 hr 987 0 obj <>stream Body Protection: Complete suit protecting against chemicals. The R 2 for the odor data equation (6) is 0.759, whereas the R 2 for nasal pungency thresholds is 0.955 (Abraham et al. Its chemical structure is C6H5.CH=CH2 and its molecular mass 104.15. Chapter 5.12 Styrene General description Styrene (vinylbenzene, styrole) is a colourless, viscous liquid with a pungent odour and tendency to polymerize. CAS number: 100–42–5 NIOSH REL: 50 ppm (215 mg/m 3) TWA, 100 ppm (425 mg/m 3) STEL Current OSHA PEL: 100 ppm TWA, 200 ppm CEILING, 600 ppm 5-minute MAXIMUM PEAK IN ANY 3 HOURS. ASTM Data Series DS 48A (Committee E-18). (1) The vapor pressure for styrene is 5 mm Hg at 20 °C, and its octanol/water partition coefficient (log K … Additionally, a high level of styrene (12.33 μg m −3) was detected in the petrochemical source in the study of industrial odor sources in Tianjin, although the threshold of styrene was lower, the average concentrations were higher than that in many studies (Han et al., 2018). Styrene 3 Mouse (B6C3F1) 6 hr/d 14 d 250 M (44% mortality) Morgan et al. endstream endobj startxref endstream endobj 990 0 obj <>stream It can be expressed in terms of ppm, ppb or in mg/m 3 of air for a single odorous compound. (1) Uses. ��/�@����ImW���&���]. The odor threshold for vinyl toluene (55-70% meta and 30-45% para isomer) was reported to be similar to that for styrene, ie 50 ppm [240 mg/cu m]. • Odor Threshold • 0.05 ppm 1 Styrene 1. �(Ȑ-O~���F� �Fd�S^�x�D���� ��R҉����7(@�J}Ź�Cgrќi�O?�1dw���W�{����Dɍ�P���C>�����)���V8�T�H�7�~(��?�$N� E6-� d�;1m�e��AY!�4k`r6`��1“�K` y�����s��c�5�k�� Xylenes are colorless liquids with a faint, sweet odor. (2013) suggest the threshold for styrene-induced hearing loss is likely to be between 20 and 40 ppm, expressed as mean exposure concentrations, assuming peak exposures are properly managed. On average, the styrene odor detection threshold for the Exposed group was almost 10 times higher than that of the Comparison group (56 vs. 6 ppm, respectively). (2009) and Sisto et al. VOC concentrations were observed to decline noticeably farther from the odor source, and were not observed to be significant when measured at distances greater than 30 meters. Odor Threshold Evaporation Rate Viscosity LogK ow Ionicity (in Water) Dispersion Properties Solubility in Water Physical Chemical Comments Odor Taste Color Molecular Formula (-CH(C6H5)-CH2-)x (-CH2-CH=CH-CH2-)y VOC 0 (%) The product is stable. Odor: STYRENE Odor Threshold: -N/A pH: -N/A Freezing Point: -N/A Water Solubility: INSOLUBLE Coefficient of Water/Oil Distribution: -N/A Mechanical Impact Explosion: NO KNOWN HAZARD Static Electricity Explosion: AVOID STATIC CHARGE % HAP BY WEIGHT 37.682 Philadelphia, PA: American Society for Testing and Materials, 1978., p. 152] Styrene and Composites-Emissions •Emission occurs at all stages of processing Curing and h�bbd``b`:$��s/��:�q��O����Dp�dw�Xa� HI�������p �b``$��ϸ�@� �� Ethylbenzene is a colorless liquid that smells like gasoline. ��f_4�����P����͐����׽}�H�����H����j�Wr(b�/M͡{iq�B�6G^O~a�"�#(�^�g`��ެ��;9 ��3\� �M�2��S�c�YT-)��,�x�nܦn�h3�F(:w�8k�J,mM�A��.�:V��M��\�޳dm6eŕ����$S/��E.�)l�kFA^����`.�K9c�O5����>׶�qP>���^���:���{�� Styrene, stabilized Revision Date 18-Jan-2018 9. The air quality guideline could be based on the odor threshold, i.e., the maximum 30 min average styrene concentration in air should be lower than 70 μg/m 3 [ 10 ]. (6) The chemical formula for styrene is C 8 H 8, and the molecular weight is 104.16 g/mol. The odor threshold of styrene is 0.32 ppm. Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. 1993a Styrene 4 Gn Pig 3-40 hr 1300 (100% mortality after 40 hours exposure) Spencer et al. Styrene is the precursor to polystyrene and several copolymers. The “amount” of odour present in a sample of air. �]ĕ���\��`��6zW���#ߣ���_)*�Қ�9�,���;�&�G�Q����<1��F�-�*"���+Q$i�H57���d�dj��*�n5Y�lioX�ʠJN@O(��T���Rd�+�Q���x�e��J��QY�� S �4KY�p�v�v�k �r0�FFk!���z��ҫ͡�8)hMC^П�`�,����}��h��;�ԛv2R����+Q�Y���'��]f��suh/�0�\�a���Qt癚�����H�~��3���|����nL^�8u����A����&��א9�c>'�����+�|��Z7r���s�� �?X1-@��W�tE����>��ְ3�>�^8� ���]������ڛ�����8H���q����)���4�,3�/�4H{?��`O3�$3�h� *IG� HF���� �d�,�Nf������Ԯ�h�g{�H�"h�uj��^��K[��">�~ז� ȵ��y� (1) The odor threshold for styrene is 0.32 parts per million (ppm). (1) Ethylbenzene is a colorless liquid that smells like gasoline. h�b```a``2�l��(� Someone working in an enclosed area with resin solutions containing styrene (patching the surface of a fiberglass boat, for example) may find the odor of styrene causes slight nausea or neurological symptoms. Styrene produces a noticeable smell at levels far below the most conservative regulatory exposure limits. 1989 OSHA PEL: 50 ppm (215 mg/m 3) TWA, 100 ppm (425 mg/m 3) STEL 1993-1994 ACGIH TLV: 50 ppm (213 mg/m 3) TWA, 100 ppm (426 mg/m 3) CEILING [skin]. Whenever applied to odor threshold data, the Abraham equation fits less well than when applied to chemesthetic threshold data. The odoranfs were presented to a trained odor panel in a static air system utiliz- ing a low odor background air as the dilution medium. pl�Ev��3���2�"\וֹ�yF�d"r��#�����H�/@�\��ioĠ_�Y8����!��Ӎi�}}��'�n X t�9)~�\���ܭ�Tv���mln�� ODOR THRESHOLD = 0.04 to 0.32 ppm Odor thresholds vary greatly. 3rd ed., Volumes 1-26. �;#s���bm���㣓�K^8{��y�\]���6|�ԁ/B0�����]D��/׿�^$�Sg} ��\��^\�.������|ѝ,��\���"�W�K�Zu��w��e���oO���'��I�q��]n�~i�a�G�3�o������eg�����Ǯ&U�R����f}��s/zU���ݒC��=t�5��^ӃDO�G�����.n�����#���oIo㔓ϟ6dS9�̹-��Ǚ��h0���MJtBw��s�v�E�P\�k��1Wm�Μ�Pۇk4 ]ۚ��LbC{� L���J�f�g�����c��B����0��qB� ����&3BMf?�l�C��$��b ��7ٕ�iOS���5��o�wU��_oB�ȸ��*�9JI�m��? Avoid Temperatures of 600°F or above. �u%r/�5-�#�.�%zb$v��E�D�~ߕd�_��s�ǖ{D��~��ƚ.��n��A���x�x�k`d�vhc�. endstream endobj 989 0 obj <>stream ���D$�I?V0``�tm ʱ��H\�QJv�ظP$��� i @ ���1H��X$�����t�f���[��Z�Y�����q��r�� ��``tX���� w�4c ?D�Q � ø$ ���#��A(�g>���l#ku��'��(� ���0�xyp���ğ�{�^Lg?B�X���ǜӅ�����o������Yh@K�S.g���g�]ɛZ�I�P!�3�P>��A7%���'Ӭ� Monographs on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans. A mean odor detection threshold of 1,212 µg/m3from 12 studies was reported by Drs. ��R~� b{��F�n�㇒e�OWT au���o�0�rj��9+�{'��q½[7���3��Z 8�]��0���{�7=���j����B�s�ղ|�:p� Odor detection thesholds, Odour. �}ϭ�?19F�T�…��U2�T������* � �ZJ�q%%p&A���E21A�隬gGj�*jU�Ň��D3��IJcF�?�5^�U��8=��SЅ���rt��G�m'��]����V�L�V�@�ڦA ��q��>SI�Xn���i$M��KI9��t�x)jN�?���?0��v�b�V�l��.��M��̼�]T3�4��e�'�4�����5N���+��[�)M�g���ն�z��[Ɵ_k�iXA�nM[�� �ў�×d[����)O����s:`���[�j`��푂�T$tţ���0r�����ZD�vm�ULq] Kk�wDDK���ڊpo��vjp�V��o�57) h����he�Ee�H 0 Reported threshold values for styrene vary widely, but some are as low as 0.01 to 0.08 parts per million by volume (ppm) (1,2). Flame retardant antistatic protective clothing. It is used to make plastics, paints, synthetic rubbers, protective coatings, and resins. 3.2.14 Odor Threshold. Styrene is not harmful in the very small amounts that people may sometimes encounter in air, consumer products, or food. Styrene has an extremely low odor threshold and for most humans and it can be detected at less than 0.5 parts per million. There have been cases where small levels of styrene, well below any hazardous level, have entered homes or businesses connected to a sewer or … (1) The odor threshold for ethylbenzene is 2.3 parts per million (ppm). Help. �t��}����|��6�b��u��M��e��ɫ3��x�����?8�B�� �5� ]R9%���[[U3j֖�ɰҧ�@���_W�M܁�g~G��T���h_�-Y`�����r�g����gId�!��.y��-�*�*��� h-� ��O�psh"�� 75 0 obj <>stream Styrene Monomeris a clear, colorless to yellow, oily liquid, with a sweet odor at low concentrations. The ACMA recommended that the TS set the styrene odor-based ESL at 1,200 µg/m3. Dalton and Jacquot. More usually a mixture of compounds are present and the concentration of the mixture can be expressed in odour units per cubic metre (ou E). Fazzalari, F.A. The presence of a styrene odor is not, necessarily, indicative of dangerous styrene levels. Description of substance: … ����jqy9KR�� F�`0��W%Q����[_�8H�v�ķɞ��02!�(���Id�?%��O�$p�~�i鱜��}�w��ȴ��ێvZOHlZ��yW�4i=3�J-�g�,��Q����|� e�s�c��L݁f��Q��� �-� P�4�>%��V���pf@pT��H���֤�#�u�̗�U5��#�ep�`k��4\{� ��r�C�t The odor threshold is defined as the first concen- tration at which all panel members can recognize the odor. This fact sheet can be used for: m-Xylene CAS#: 108-38-3 Isobutylmethylpyrazine; 2-Isobutyl-3-methylpyrazine; 35-130 Styrene is a colorless liquid that has a sweet smell. ^���tyw��s��lG�8��GM �I�°W �����n�ڠE������1�s",xA�r�~C�0�k`��\���2�1p�j�)W;�q�&,�V�T�-�����4���� K�r�?�9� ODOR THRESHOLD = 0.07 to 40 ppm Odor thresholds vary greatly. The odor detection threshold for styrene has been found to be 70 μg/m 3. The exposed workers were tested in a styrene-free environment (< 1 ppm styrene) during the period of their regular 8-h or 10-h work shift. IARC. �u�j2Ɔ&���sO0�5��14�#�!�ș� �Q�,��}(�=\���F޽��J�4d�㲳*����W�Z� Do not rely on odor alone to determine potentially hazardous exposures. Reactive with strong oxidizing agents. h��Yko��+��Fa�@ @��Xm�֖!�����$ 2001). There have been cases where small levels of styrene, well below any hazardous level, have entered homes or businesses connected to a … (6) The chemical formula for styrene is C 8 H 8, and the molecular weight is 104.16 g/mol. ���T;�ȼ�=hv�ϱ٣� %PDF-1.6 %���� (1) The vapor pressure for styrene is 5 mm Hg at 20 C, and its octanol/water partition coefficient (Log K ow) is 2.95. {:�;����&��-ΰ� �IH���K��a���0Vh��a�Q�*�z,�v؁������8c�_ �2<0��Ć�2 &��u���� IDj3�K�*҆njq�$�ۼIj^�v�m�ږp�b�F�1SEy�b� `-К���y�u�`�o÷We$��M��mw��wZ�MK��QŜ%��q�A���t@�*V���&al XVFdh(��G�����&��!I9Nx��f%yy9�{o@� 1942 Styrene Systemic 5 Human 7 hr Ocular 99 M (mild, transient eye irritation) Stewart et al. Odour Threshold. (ed.). Styrene has an extremely low odor threshold and for most humans and it can be detected at less than 0.5 parts per million. %PDF-1.6 %���� Review of odour character and thresholds vii 8.2 Recent work on tailoring modelling guideline values to odour unpleasantness 80 8.3 Further investigation of odours from some sectors of concern 84 8.4 Opportunities identified for strengthening Environment Agency guidance 95 9 Further investigation of odour thresholds for individual species 98 endstream endobj 50 0 obj <> endobj 51 0 obj <>/Border[0 0 0]/F 4/Rect[453.859 467.354 469.859 482.354]/Subtype/Link/Type/Annot>><>/Border[0 0 0]/F 4/Rect[512.31 468.257 528.31 483.257]/Subtype/Link/Type/Annot>><>/Border[0 0 0]/F 4/Rect[413 64 429 79]/Subtype/Link/Type/Annot>><>/Border[0 0 0]/F 4/Rect[444 64 489 79]/Subtype/Link/Type/Annot>>]/Contents[54 0 R 55 0 R 57 0 R 58 0 R 59 0 R 60 0 R 61 0 R 62 0 R]/CropBox[0 0 612 792]/MediaBox[0 0 612 792]/Parent 47 0 R/Resources<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 52 0 obj <>stream They are used as solvents and in making paints, adhesives and other chemicals. Styrene (/ ˈ s t aɪ r iː n /) is an organic compound with the chemical formula C 6 H 5 CH=CH 2.This derivative of benzene is a colorless oily liquid, although aged samples can appear yellowish.The compound evaporates easily and has a sweet smell, although high concentrations have a less pleasant odor. 65 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<9CC62788C2604F41BF1E85475DA1E7EC>]/Index[49 27]/Info 48 0 R/Length 80/Prev 86574/Root 50 0 R/Size 76/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream This material does not contain any chemical components with known CAS numbers that exceed the threshold (De Minimis) reporting levels established by … �`0�m���F�1I��(M��{��M%bÛ��P��_�Xܛߐ�o1�x�HR��$D���\�]A��M[%�DL�]�vlC�� ~ �2�\4n�ތ���̤ Odor identification and threshold sensitivity to phenyl ethyl alcohol (PEA) and styrene were assessed in 62 workers exposed directly to styrene vapors and 67 age- and sex-matched nonexposed controls. Styrene also occurs naturally in the environment and is an inherent component in small concentrations of many commonly-consumed foods and beverages, such as coffee, strawberries, and cinnamon. New Window. 49 0 obj <> endobj Physical and chemical properties Physical State Liquid Appearance Colorless Odor pungent Odor Threshold No information available pH No information available Melting Point/Range-31 °C / -23.8 °F Boiling Point/Range 145 - 146 °C / 293 - 294.8 °F @ 760 mmHg Flash Point 31 °C / 87.8 °F �X���_�ͥy`(s�q�%���RL���2��Oҗ�=P������b�^ҏuY`j7}k6�Q���̹'m���`�>ҝ�[)߳i�9~�/�G�#S9�*ܮ�g'�M+�2�ێ� As with other styrene monomers, the odor can be detected by humans at levels below dangerous concn, ie, 10-60 ppm. Compilation of Odor and Taste Threshold Values Data. D���ܻ�$Wr-�EW�;;��D��)u�}�>��,/�J�?��E��?���_���W�x�����Y����ppп^_o�Y�������ѧ.D�!�����l~p��/���ַW����ag���ns�yٟ��,����p�Yl��٢�2�o���[l���|y�Ym���������������������� �ˈ�ͬ��㮨����;���=�lY�m�SP��a�w! .��*�������Y�r�=n��a�j�k����5&�����B�:J������À�� ��?4�\�X~�����W�P�$fX���OdӔ%�Q��&�k���^|�W��UI)N$Q9�04QnD���%��uз3���6��-��O���D� endstream endobj 988 0 obj <>stream Odor: CHARACTERISTIC STYRENE Odor Threshold: pH: -N/A -N/A Freezing Point: -N/A Water Solubility : INSOLUBLE Coefficient of Water/Oil Distribution: -N/A Mechanical Impact Explosion: NO KNOWN HAZARD Static Electricity Explosion: AVOID STATIC CHARGE % HAP BY WEIGHT 100.000 % MONOMER BY WEIGHT 100.000 SECTION IV FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARD DATA Styrene has a distinctive strong odor and humans have a low threshold of detection (the lowest concentration at which a chemical can be detected). The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace. 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