2020 May;31(3):319-326. doi: 10.1097/EDE.0000000000001182. Ascertaining the impact of catastrophic events on dengue outbreak: The 2014 gas explosions in Kaohsiung, Taiwan. In 1970, 300,000 people died in a cyclone and just three years after the 1988 cyclone - another struck, killing an estimated 140,000 people. The tropical cyclone originated from a disturbance that developed within the Strait of Malacca on November 21. Bangladesh in particular. [20] Then-Bangladeshi President Hussain Muhammad Ershad also visited the worst impacted districts, including Khulna and Bagerhat. The genesis of the 1988 Bangladesh cyclone was preceded by floods that occurred over the Malay Peninsula as a result of a monsoon trough redeveloping over the region. [10] In addition to the fatalities, nearly three million people were left homeless. Spatial and temporal patterns of diarrhoea in Bhutan 2003-2013. The floods affected different sectors in different ways. 2. The floods have caused havoc in Bangladesh throughout history, especially during the recent years: 1987, 1988, and 1998. The 2004 flood was very similar to the 1988 and 1998 floods with two thirds of the country under water. The country has a long history of destructive flooding that has had very adverse impacts on lives and property. The initial flood (that began in late 1987 and continued throughout 1988) was caused by the synchronisation of peak flow of the Ganges, Brahmaputra and Meghna Rivers. Along the coast of Bangladesh, strong storm surge caused heavy infrastructure damage and contributed in wiping out an estimated 70% of all harvestable Bangladeshi crops, with an estimated 200,000 tonnes (220,000 tons) of crops being lost. Start date: 20/08/1988 . The total gross weight of crop losses was estimated at 200,000 tonnes (220,000 tons),[6] accounting for 70% of Bangladeshi crops that were ready for harvest. A terrible flood struck Bangladesh in 1988, killing over 6,000 people, destroying millions of tons of crops and causing millions of dollars in damages. It was similar to the catastrophic flood of 1988 in terms of the extent of the flooding. Bangladesh continues to reel under the floods which may be longest since 1988, says the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA). [5] Many of the deaths were caused by the collapse of dwellings or by electrocution due to the collapse of high tension power poles, and most of the deaths occurred in Khulna District. The flood lasted 15 to 20 days. The Bangladesh Army and non-governmental organizations participated in both air- and water-borne relief operations, though inclement weather initially forced the suspension of several planned helicopter flights. Gradually intensifying as it had previously, the tropical cyclone reached peak intensity with winds of 125 mph (200 km/h) as it was making landfall near the Bangladesh–India border on November 29. The official estimate of the maximum extent of flooding was 82000 km 2 (57% of Bangladesh), i.e. [7] A hundred corpses were discovered on the island of Dublar Char alone. 1997;75(6):533-9. For example of crop destruction, in 1987 and 1988 rice production on a country scale was largely disrupted due to extreme floods. Floods in Bangladesh I. Geographical background to the 1987 and 1988 floods H. BRAMMER 37, Kingsway Court, Hove, Sussex BN3 2LP This paper was accepted for publication in October 1989 The disastrous floods in Bangladesh in 1987 and 1988 captured world-wide attention. Respiratory disease was responsible for 13% of all reported deaths; only 7% of these were associated with acute respiratory tract infections. 1955 : More than 30% of Dhaka district was flooded. The 1988 floods were mainly river floods caused by heavy monsoon rainfall over a wider area of the Ganges and Brahmaputra river catchments (more than 90 per cent of which lie outside Bangladesh). As a result, the additional effects of the passing cyclone exacerbated the flood's impacts. The frequency of floods with higher magnitude have increased in Bangladesh at an alarming level, sending alerts to scientists who are now asking for immediate government interventions to save future crop damage. 1988 bangladesh The flood in 1988 Bangladesh was a monsoon flood. Shortly after reaching this strength, the cyclone began to curve northward, rounding the western periphery of a subtropical ridge centered over Indochina. catastrophic events (1988 and 1998 flood) in the light of flood history in Bangladesh. Those of 1951, 1987, 1988 and 1998 were of catastrophic consequence. "worst floods in the 17-year history of the country" -- "worst flooding in 70 years" -- … This site needs JavaScript to work properly. A study in populations displaced by catastrophic floods in Bangladesh in 1988 found that diarrhea was the most common illness, followed by respiratory infection. [9][nb 2] Approximately 200 km (120 mi) offshore, the Singaporean freighter Pumori capsized due to the cyclone, killing 19. Physical Causes of the flood. Bangladesh floods Home for lost and bewildered geography teachers. NLM Joint Task Force of the Government of Bangladesh and the United Nations: 1988, The 1988 Floods, Dhaka. While at its peak, the Padma flowed at 9.84m this year, a cm above the 1988 level but 37cm below the water level record set in 1998. Watery diarrhoea was the most common type (47%) of diarrhoea and the most common cause of death for all age groups except those above 45-years of age. The Bangladesh flood spread for over 3 months (July-August, 1988) and was described as 'the worst flood of the century'. 1994 Sep;12(3):187-93. The flood level of the buriganga exceeded the highest level of 1954. [9] Due to the wide scope of the disaster, the Bangladeshi government appealed for international aid, particularly from Japan and Canada as those countries had played large roles in the relief efforts of past Bangladeshi disasters. Many of the deaths were a result of the destruction of homes or electrocution after strong winds toppled power poles across the region. 1 30 AUGUST 1988 1. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. In 2019, floods hit 2 million people in Bangladesh. The brunt of the tropical cyclone's damage was inflicted upon coastal areas of Bangladesh and West Bengal. Would you like email updates of new search results? Climate variability Areas of 52 districts of the country and caused loss of 1517 human lives; The 1998 flood in Bangladesh with unprecedented duration of 65 days inundated 53 districts covering about 100,000 sp. Due to the ridge's broad size, the tropical cyclone was steered generally due north rather than northeast. Bangladesh floods on a regular basis, RECENT notable and catastrophic floods have occurred in 1988 (return period of 1 in every 50 to 100 years), 1998, 2004, 2007 and 2010. Accidental deaths accounted for 9.7% of the reported deaths: 5.8% of those were due to drowning, a figure twice as high as that reported previously. [14], In nearby West Bengal in India, the death toll was largely disputed between government agencies and news agencies, with the former generally indicating lower figures. Scientists call for actions to save future crop losses as floods these days are submerging more land... 8 dead in Philippine floods South-East Asia Sun, Dec 20 2020 . [7] Off the coast, waves generated by the tropical cyclone reached 4.5 m (15 ft). All four types of flood (storm surge flood, rain flood, flash flood and riverine flood) that occur in Bangladesh contributed to the 1988 flooding. Floods In Bangladesh James Foster. [12] Ultimately, the official death toll in West Bengal reached 538. Major embarrassment for Pakistan at UN: Over 100 countries decline to extend support to resolution backed by it Flooding in banglidesh power point lanaspieler. Finally, flood management issues in Bangladesh have been analyzed and found that structural solution to mitigate flood is not the only solution. also prolonged than the 1988 flood due to heavy rainfall inside and outside ofthe country. [6] Lord Glenarthur, then British Minister of State for Foreign Affairs, toured affected areas in Bangladesh for three days before announcing a £200,000 grant (US$370,000) to voluntary relief agencies assisting in cyclone relief operations. Baqui AH, Black RE, Arifeen SE, Hill K, Mitra SN, al Sabir A. Despite considerable crop damage, there were compensatory increases in production in areas not affected by the floods and in … [6], Satellite image of the cyclone nearing peak intensity on November 29. There are both the summer monsoons and winter monsoons. According to the UN records, the 1988 floods claimed the lives of about 500 people and left more than 25 million people homeless. The 1988 Bangladesh cyclone struck as Bangladesh was recovering from what had been considered the worst flood in Bangladeshi history earlier in the year. This event aroused significant interna-tional concern and triggered the Bangladesh Action Plan for Flood Con-trol (World Bank 1989; see also section 7.6). 2020 May 16:1-17. doi: 10.1007/s10669-020-09772-1. [13] However, independent investigations were more aggressive in their estimates, suggesting that over a million homes accounting for 60–80% of homes in coastal Bangladesh were destroyed, displacing as many as seven million people. A total of 6,240 people were killed as a result of the storm, with 5,708 in Bangladesh and 538 in West Bengal. 2002 Mar;116(2):68-74. doi: 10.1038/sj.ph.1900828. “Responding to the flood is complicated by the fact that these efforts are taking place as Bangladesh is also addressing the COVID-19 pandemic and recovering from Cyclone Amphan,” Dujarric said. J Diarrhoeal Dis Res. A combination of heavy rainfall within and outside the country, synchronizations of peak flows of the major rivers and a very strong backwater effect coalesced into a mix that resulted in the worst flood in recorded history. Monetary values converted to 1988 United States dollars using, "Darwin Tropical Diagnostic Statement, November 1988", "The International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship (IBTrACS)", "Cyclone leaves trail through Bangladesh", "Bangladesh – Cyclone Nov 1988 UNDRO Information Reports 1-6", "Cyclone roars into Bangladesh; 870 feared dead", "Thousands believed dead in wake of Bangladesh cyclone", "India's major natural disasters since 1980", "Natural Disasters in India (Raw Data, 1901-2000)", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1988_Bangladesh_cyclone&oldid=994948036, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 18 December 2020, at 10:54. Flood management in Bangladesh is, therefore, perceived as an indispensable component of poverty reduction initiatives. A 2 m (6.6 ft) storm surge inflicted significant damage along the Bangladeshi coast and forced the temporary closure of the Port of Mongla,[6] where nine were killed. [6] Another 37 vessels carrying £2 million (US$3.7 million) of goods ran aground. Floods are another devastating recurring phenomena in Bangladesh; The flood of 1988 during August-September inundated 89,000 sq. BANGLADESH - FLOODS UNDRO INFORMATION REPORT NO. [1] At around 12:00 UTC on November 29, the tropical cyclone made landfall near the border between Bangladesh and West Bengal at the mouth of the Hooghly River. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. In 1998, Shariatpur remained flooded for 73 days while there were places where flooding continued for more than 60 days. WMO engaged the Danish Hydraulic Institute (DHI) to create a flood forecasting model for Bangladesh. Y1 - 1991/12. After the devastating floods of 1987 and 1988, the Bangladesh Government launched a series of Flood Action Plan FAP) studies to( formulate and implement technically, financially, economically and environmentally sound solutions to the adverse effects of floods in Bangladesh. We examined demographic, microbiologic, and clinical data from patients presenting during 1988, 1998, and 2004 flood-associated diarrheal epidemics at a diarrhea treatment hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Monsoon floods occur very regularly in Bangladesh. Based on the analysis some possible mitigation options are put forward. 2017 Jul 21;17(1):507. doi: 10.1186/s12879-017-2611-6. In August/September 1988: o Over 60% of Bangladesh was covered in water. About 80 percent of Bangladesh’s rain falls during monsoon season (June to October). HHS Gradual intensification continued as the storm progressed closer to the coasts of Bangladesh and East India. Bangladesh has suffered a long history of extreme weather conditions. In the capital city of Dhaka, debris and fallen trees caused by winds of up to 120 km/h (75 mph) resulted in both power outages and paralyzed traffic. Levels, trends and causes of mortality in children below 5 years of age in Bangladesh: findings from a national survey. [6] Both the Bangladesh Navy and Indian Navy convened in the northern littoral of the Bay of Bengal to search for the thousands of fishermen and islanders that went missing during the tropical cyclone's landfall. [5], The storm's worst impacts were concentrated in the coastal Bangladeshi districts of Bagerhat, Barguna, Bhola, Jessore, Khulna, Patuakhali and Satkhira, as well as the Sundarbans. -- Dhaka city 85% inundated by Buriganga River. Geography case study EllieRowlandss. Flooded Dhaka city, 1988 In the south a highland area separates the Ganges from the deep flood basin in chalan beel. The 1988 flood duration ranged between 16 to 29 days, according to the WDB. -- Bramahaputra, Ganges and Meghna Rivers and their tributaries. Get the latest public health information from CDC: https://www.coronavirus.gov, Get the latest research information from NIH: https://www.nih.gov/coronavirus, Find NCBI SARS-CoV-2 literature, sequence, and clinical content: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sars-cov-2/. Bangladesh Flood The Bangladesh flood spread for over 3 months (July-August, 1988) and was described as 'the worst flood of the century'. Stephane Dujarric, the spokesman for UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres, said on Tuesday that some 56,000 of those impacted already have been displaced and are taking refuge in government shelters. What happened? Community-wide Mortality Rates in Beijing, China, During the July 2012 Flood Compared with Unexposed Periods. In 1998, over 75% of the total area of the country was flooded, including half of the capital city Dhaka. As a result, the additional effects of the passing cyclone exacerbated the flood's impacts. Finally, Inundated about 82,000 sq km (about 60% of the area) and its return period is estimated to be 50-100 years. The Bangladesh Flood. [6][7] The power outages also disrupted the city's distribution of water. eCollection 2017. Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh, was severely affected. Tectonic uplift of the Himalayas means that erosion rates of sediment increase as the rivers have more potential for erosion. Haven’t found the relevant content? These developments caused satellite intensity estimates to increasingly indicate a stronger storm, which in turn prompted the JTWC to issue a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert at 18:30 UTC on November 23. As recently as 2017, floods left an estimated one-third of the country under water. Moreover, the 1998 flood was also prolonged than the 1988 flood due to heavy rainfall inside and outside ofthe country. Causes. Flooding in Bangladesh may be the longest since 1988 according to forecasts and continue in the county, United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs said. 1988-066: Bangladesh "53 of the country's 64 administrative districts were covered by flood waters at the height of the disaster." The 1988 Bangladesh cyclone (designated as Tropical Cyclone 04B by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center) was one of the worst tropical cyclones in Bangladeshi history. Almost one third of the country is submerged under water which has continued for close to three weeks now. Possible viral infections in flood disasters: a review considering 2019 spring floods in Iran. [10] Initially reported as a much lower figure,[6] 5,708 fatalities occurred as a result of the tropical cyclone. On August 1 flood peak of the jamuna river at Sirajganj was 14.22m and on August 30 flood peak of the Ganges river at hardinge bridge was 14.91m. >Bangladesh's disastrous floods looked set to worsen. The main limitation of this method was that cloud-free images were not available for the peak flood period in the first week of September. N2 - The worst flood in the history of Bangladesh affected millions of people in 1988. [8] Twenty vessels and barges and hundreds of small fishing boats sank as a result of the rough seas and storm surge generated by the storm. Being located in South East Asia, 80% of Bangladesh is a flood plain, with 70% of the country being at least 1 m below sea level. Baqir M, Sobani ZA, Bhamani A, Bham NS, Abid S, Farook J, Beg MA. Our study suggests that floods have influenced the distribution of disease and death among the affected population. > >An abnormally long monsoon period was causing heavy downpours both [19] The Government of the Netherlands donated US$370,000 for use in the relief efforts following the storm. NIH Staff Correspondent | Published: 12:12, Jul 22,2020 A man makes his way through floodwaters in Dohar, Dhaka District, on July 20, 2020. Crop damage occurred across 174,000 hectares (430,000 acres) of land in Bagerhat, Bhola, Khulna, and Satkhira districts as well as Cox's Bazar. Km. This mostly affects the buildings, normal livelihoods, sewerage systems and sometimes even damages the power transmission, the availability of … [6] In Satkhira, 100 people were killed due to flying debris kicked up by the storm's fierce winds. Bangladesh suffers from severe flooding every year towards the end of the summer, during the monsoonseason. Between 1972 and 2014, Bangladesh saw flooding with higher magnitude only in six years – 1974, 1987, 1988, 1998, 2004 and 2007. Major portions of the country are part of the Ganges Delta, the largest flood plain in the world. Although the country is habituated to monsoonal flooding, the NASA report accompanying the images said the flooding this year could be the worst in a decade and the longest-lasting since 1988. The frequency of floods with higher magnitude have increased in Bangladesh at an alarming level, sending alerts to scientists who are now asking for immediate government interventions to save future crop damage. However, there was a very important addi-tional rationale: in 1988, Bangladesh was hit by one of the most severe floods of the twentieth century. It has 230 rivers, of which 57 are international, Bangladesh in most cases being the lower riparian country. To determine morbidity and mortality during the flood, we investigated the causes of illness in 46,740 patients and causes of death in 154 persons while providing medical relief services in 72 flood affected upazilas (sub-districts). The worst flood in the history of Bangladesh affected millions of people in 1988. The floods have caused havoc in Bangladesh throughout history, especially during the recent years: 1987, 1988, and 1998. In early October 2005, dozens of villages were inundated when rain caused the rivers of northwestern Bangladesh to burst their banks. Bull World Health Organ. Nature of floods The country has a unique hydrological regime. Prime News, International, (United Nations), July 22:-Severe flooding in Bangladesh, which has killed at least 54 people and affected over 2.4 million people, could be the worst since 1988 United Nations has said on Tuesday. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177422. Bull World Health Organ. 1998;76(2):161-71. The situation is still evolving, and it is unlikely that the water will start receding before next month, the OCHA said in its daily briefing on Tuesday. Particular events include the floods of August/September 1988 and those of June 2009. [3], The 1988 Bangladesh cyclone struck as Bangladesh was recovering from what had been considered the worst flood in Bangladeshi history earlier in the year. Located in South Asia, the Bangladesh flood resulted in devastating damage, sweeping over the entire country. 1962 : The flood occurred twice, once in July and again in August and September. AU - Siddique, A. K. AU - Baqui, A. H. AU - Eusof, A. National Center for Biotechnology Information, Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. Rice production lost was relatively similar in the two events at … o Over 2,000 people were killed Particular events include the floods of August/September 1988and those of …  |  [17] The damage in West Bengal totaled US$13 million. Emergency support needed. The floods in Bangladesh in 1998 eclipsed the country's previous flooding disaster in 1988, lasting for nearly 3 months, instead of 3 weeks, compounded by continuing monsoon rains throughout the 3 month period. 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